REFUGEE ROADMAP – SA to USA

REFUGEE ROADMAP - SA to USA

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Frequently Asked Questions About The USRAP South Africa
USRAP Frequently Asked Questions

The Trusted Sources Behind Our Answers

We’ve done our very best to make sure the information shared here is accurate, reliable, and free from bias. To do this, we’ve drawn mainly from trusted, publicly available sources such as:

We encourage you to explore these resources directly for even more detailed insights and guidance.

Just a word about the Colonel

Colonel Chris Wyatt is widely regarded as probably one of the most trusted independent authorities on the United States Refugee Admissions Program (USRAP), offering South Africans insight, advice, and interpretation that is accurate, functional and on point.

Colonel Chris Wyatt (Retired)

Colonel Chriss Wyatt (Retired)

Col Wyatt has given so much of his own time, energy, and even personal funds to speak honestly about the situation in South Africa. At the same time, he’s played a vital role in helping people better understand the US Refugee Admissions Program (USRAP), clearing up confusion and offering solid, practical advice to those who need it most.

Because of the sheer number of questions that he gets asked—often the same ones again and again—we’ve created this page to make things easier for both him and you. Here, you’ll find clear answers to the most common questions Colonel Wyatt receives, all in one place. It’s our way of supporting the work he does. In so doing, hopefully we can help keep his health up, and his blood pressure down 😊

The Trusted Sources Behind Our Answers

We’ve done our very best to make sure the information shared here is accurate, reliable, and free from bias. To do this, we’ve drawn mainly from trusted, publicly available sources such as:

We encourage all to explore these resources directly for even more detailed insights and guidance.

Just a word about The Colonel

Colonel Chris Wyatt (Retired) is widely regarded as probably one of the most trusted independent authorities on the United States Refugee Admissions Program (USRAP), offering South Africans insight, advice, and interpretation that is accurate, functional and on point.

Col Wyatt has given so much of his own time, energy, and even personal funds to speak honestly about the situation in South Africa. At the same time, he’s played a vital role in helping people better understand the US Refugee Admissions Program (USRAP), clearing up confusion and offering solid, practical advice to those who need it most.

Because of the sheer number of questions that he gets asked—often the same ones again and again—we’ve created this page to make things easier for both him and you. Here, you’ll find clear answers to the most common questions Colonel Wyatt receives, all in one place. It’s our way of supporting the work he does. In so doing, hopefully we can help keep his health up, and his blood pressure down 😊

Colonel Chriss Wyatt (Retired)

Frequently Asked Questions about the USRAP

Questions about the "USRAP"
    • PRM – The Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration
    • RSC – Resettlement Support Center (Usually a regional private organisation that supports the PRM with huge work loads)
    • USRAP – United States Refugee Admittance Program
    • CWS – Church World Service (RCS regional support center for sub-Saharan Africa)
    • USCIS – US Citizenship and Immigration Services
    • DHS – Department of Homeland Security
    • SOI – Statement of Interest (The form that you submit as an application)
    • EAD – Employment Authorisation Document (Not Green Card)
    • PRC – Permanent Resident Card (Green Card) – grants permanent residency and the right to live and work in the U.S. without restrictions.
    • UNHCR – United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

The U.S. Refugee Admissions Program (USRAP) is a U.S. government initiative that offers protection and resettlement to individuals who meet the legal definition of a refugee—someone who has been forced to flee their country due to persecution or a well-founded fear of persecution based on race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or membership in a particular social group.

In South Africa, the USRAP operates a bit differently than in many other countries. Eligible individuals do not need to leave South Africa before seeking assistance. Instead, those who qualify can begin the entire application, screening, approval, and resettlement process while still living in their home country. All steps are carried out from within South Africa.

No. USRAP is completely free. There is no charge to apply, be referred, or be resettled. If anyone asks for money in exchange for helping you get into the program, it is likely a scam.

You might need to pay for your own airfare to the USA, however, if you cannot afford your own airfare, there will be assistance available in the form of an interest free loan that you can begin repaying once you have found employment in the United States.

No. Meeting the basic criteria does not guarantee acceptance. Each case undergoes thorough vetting, security screening, and interviews by U.S. immigration officers. Only those who meet all requirements and pass all checks are approved.

Yes, in certain circumstances. South African individuals who belong to minority groups and either have already faced and/or who fear serious future threats, violence, or systemic persecution because of their race, ethnicity, religion, or political beliefs may qualify. You will need to provide credible evidence that your situation meets the legal definition of a refugee.

Your parents can apply, but they will need to submit their own application. Under USRAP, the ‘nuclear family’ generally means parents with children or legal dependants under the age of 18. Because of this, parents are not automatically included in their adult children’s cases, but they can still apply separately if they meet the eligibility requirements.

Yes, it is possible to take your pets with you—but it is entirely at your own expense. USRAP does not provide any assistance with pet relocation.
Bringing pets from South Africa to the United States can be both complex and costly.

There is some good news however: Operation Pet Lyft, a U.S.-based non-profit organization, was established to help pet owners navigate this process. They offer support and significantly reduced rates to help ensure your furry family members can join you safely.

The amount of luggage you can take on your flight to the USA will depend on the airline’s baggage restrictions. You’re welcome to take additional belongings, but arranging and paying for their transport will be your responsibility. USRAP only assists with the luggage you take with you on the flight and does not cover the cost or logistics of shipping other personal items.

No, you will not be required to stay in a tent. When you arrive, you’ll be placed in temporary housing for the first couple of weeks. After that, you’ll be moved to more suitable accommodation where you can begin settling in and adjusting to life in the USA. Once you are able to support yourself, you’ll be free to choose where you want to live.

I am not an Afrikaner?

Yes, absolutely. While the USRAP sometimes uses the term ‘Afrikaner’ as an example of a minority group, it is not a requirement. The program is open to all persecuted minority groups who meet its criteria, regardless of cultural or ethnic background.

 I am not a farmer?

Yes, you can still apply. While President Donald Trump publicly highlighted the attacks on farmers in South Africa, being a farmer is not a requirement for USRAP. The program’s focus is on protecting persecuted minority groups — regardless of your occupation.

I am not a white person?

Yes, absolutely. Your race does not affect your eligibility. The USRAP exists to protect all persecuted minority groups, and it makes no mention of needing to be white. What matters is your situation and your need for safety — and those needs will be respected and taken seriously.

 I am a pensioner, elderly, or have a disability?

Yes, you can certainly apply if you are a pensioner, elderly, or living with a disability. The USRAP is designed to protect vulnerable individuals regardless of age or physical ability.

Keep in mind that depending on the rules set by the pension or disability fund that you are receiving payments from in South Africa, you might need to forfeit those payments if you resettle abroad. It’s important to check with the relevant authorities to understand how your benefits may be affected.

Our advice is to fill out the Statement of Interest (SOI) form anyway. If and when your application moves forward, you can inform the agent handling your case about any benefits you receive and your inability to work. They will be in the best position to guide you on any assistance you may be eligible for if your application is accepted.

 I am under the age of 18?

If you are under 18, you cannot apply on your own. However, you can be included as part of a family application or be sponsored by a legal guardian. The USRAP protects vulnerable people of all ages, including minors, as long as they are part of a qualifying case.

 I am divorced?

Yes, you can apply. Being divorced does not affect your eligibility for USRAP — your marital status is not part of the disqualifying criteria. However, you will need to provide divorce decrees from all previous marriages as part of the application processing

 I am expecting or trying to conceive?

Yes, you can apply if you are pregnant. Pregnancy does not affect your eligibility for USRAP. The program is designed to protect vulnerable individuals, including expectant mothers, and will consider your situation with care and compassion.

 I have a criminal record?

Technically yes. Having a criminal record does not automatically disqualify you from applying to USRAP. Each case is reviewed individually, and certain serious crimes or security concerns may affect eligibility. It’s important to be honest about your record and provide all relevant information during the application process

I have debt in South Africa?

Yes. Having debt in South Africa does not affect your eligibility to apply for USRAP. The program focuses on protecting individuals facing persecution, and financial matters like debt are not part of the qualification criteria. However, it is always wise to manage and pay off your debts to avoid complications in your financial affairs going forward.

 I am not a South African Citizen?

In the case of USRAP as it applies specifically to South Africa, being a South African citizen is generally required. Unfortunately, if you are not a citizen, this may affect your eligibility. However, each situation is unique, so it’s always best to seek personalized advice based on your circumstances.

No. USRAP is an overseas refugee resettlement program. It is different from asylum, which applies to people who are already legally inside the United States or at its border. USRAP is for individuals still living in their home country or a third country and seeking resettlement from abroad

No. USRAP is an overseas refugee resettlement program. It is different from asylum, which applies to people who are already legally inside the United States or at its border. USRAP is for individuals still living in their home country or a third country and seeking resettlement from abroad

Not by itself. General crime, poverty, or unemployment do not qualify someone as a refugee. You must show that you are specifically targeted or unable to live safely because of who you are or what you believe, not just because the country is dangerous in general.

You should collect anything that proves your claim of past persecution or fear of future persecution, such as:

    • Personal statements and sworn affidavits,
    • Threat letters, emails, or messages,
    • Police reports or case numbers,
    • News articles or public records documenting attacks or threats against your group,
    • Medical records if injured due to violence,
    • Witness statements from others affected.

You should collect anything that proves your claim of past persecution or fear of future persecution, such as:

    • Personal statements and sworn affidavits,
    • Threat letters, emails, or messages,
    • Police reports or case numbers,
    • News articles or public records documenting attacks or threats against your group,
    • Medical records if injured due to violence,
    • Witness statements from others affected.

You should collect anything that proves your fear of past persecution or fear of future persecution, such as:

    • Personal statements and sworn affidavits,
    • Threat letters, emails, or messages,
    • Police reports or case numbers,
    • News articles or public records documenting attacks or threats against your group,
    • Medical records if injured due to violence,
    • Witness statements from others affected.

No, discrimination is not considered as persecution. You will need to prove actual persecution or fear of future persecution.

Discrimination is when someone is treated unfairly or unequally because of who they are — for example, because of their race, religion, gender, or language. It can include things like being denied a job, excluded from services, or treated with hostility in daily life.

Persecution goes further than discrimination. It involves serious harm, threats, or repeated mistreatment that puts a person’s safety, freedom, or life at risk — such as violence, imprisonment, or being forced to flee from home.

👉 In short: discrimination is unfair treatment, while persecution is severe physical or life-threatening mistreatment

No. USRAP is completely free. There is no charge to apply, be referred, or be resettled. If anyone asks for money in exchange for helping you get into the program, it is likely a scam.

You might need to pay for your own airfare to the USA, however, if you cannot afford your own airfare, there will be assistance available in the form of an interest free loan that you can begin repaying once you have found employment in the United States.

No. Meeting the basic criteria does not guarantee acceptance. Each case undergoes thorough vetting, security screening, and interviews by U.S. immigration officers. Only those who meet all requirements and pass all checks are approved.

The process can take anywhere from 3 to 36 months or even longer, depending on individual circumstances, security checks, and available slots in the resettlement program. There is no guaranteed timeline.

Not at all. Your credit score is not looked at and will have no impact on your chances of being accepted into USRAP. The program focuses on your need for safety and protection — not your financial history.

Although it’s fully understandable how difficult the waiting can be. The USRAP process takes time because every case goes through multiple stages of security checks, background reviews, and interviews with different agencies. These steps are in place to ensure both your safety and the safety of those already in the United States. While the process can feel slow, it’s important to know that delays are usually caused by these thorough checks, not because your case has been forgotten.

There’s no way to make the USRAP process move faster, but you can avoid slowing it down. The best approach is to be prepared and responsive: know what you want to say during your interview, have all your forms completed and ready, check your emails regularly, and answer your phone — even if the caller ID shows ‘spam’.

The process can take anywhere from 3 to 36 months or even longer, depending on individual circumstances, security checks, and available slots in the resettlement program. There is no guaranteed timeline.

The timing can vary widely, as each case is reviewed individually and the USRAP receives many applications. It’s common for several months — or even longer — to pass before you are contacted. While waiting can be stressful, it’s important to be patient and prepared. Make sure your contact information is up-to-date and that you monitor your emails and phone regularly, including calls that may show as ‘spam.’

After you submit your Statement of Interest (SOI), you typically will not receive an immediate confirmation. The program does not automatically send a receipt for each submission. However, you can be confident that your SOI is on file if it was submitted correctly through the official channels. Make sure to keep a copy of everything you submitted for your records, including any confirmation pages or screenshots

Once you submit your Statement of Interest (SOI), you generally cannot make changes directly to that submission. However, if your circumstances change or you have additional important documents, you should keep them ready. When you are contacted by a USRAP officer, you can provide updated information and any supporting documents at that time. Keeping everything organized and prepared in advance will help your case move smoothly once processing begins.

No, it’s not necessary to contact anyone to check the status of your SOI. The USRAP processes applications in the order they are received, and reaching out will not speed up the process. The best thing you can do while waiting is to stay patient, keep your contact information up-to-date, and monitor your emails and phone regularly for any official communication from the program.

No, submitting multiple Statements of Interest (SOIs) will not make the process faster. Each applicant should submit only one SOI through the official channels. Submitting duplicates may actually cause confusion or delays. It’s best to focus on providing a complete and accurate SOI and then wait patiently for USRAP to review your case.

Make at least four copies of every document you plan to take with you. Organize them neatly in a folder or file, divided into sections with a clear index — this will not only look professional but also make it easier for you to find what you need quickly.

Out of the four sets, prepare one complete folder with a copy of each document to give to your interviewing officer if requested, again neatly arranged and indexed.

You will need at the very least the following…

        • Valid passports (Current and Expired) for you and all of your family members.
        • Your South African ID
        • Birth certificates (unabridged) for you and all of your family members.
        • Marriage certificates (unabridged).
        • Antinupual Contract if applicable.
        • Copies of ID’s, Passports, or Death Certificates of your parents.
        • Divorce decrees from all previous marriages if applicable.
        • Your childrens latest Report Card (Mostly needed for when in the USA though)
        • If divorced and taking children with you will need a signed affidavit from the other parent giving permission to leave the country for each child.
        • Adoption papers for all adopted children.
        • All travel visas — both current and expired — as well as any expired passports. These documents help prove your travel history, including the countries you visited and your entry and exit dates.
        • All Vaccination certificates (if available), these could mean that you do not have to be revaccinated

        • List all of your Family and relatives. You will need to prepare a comprehensive list of all your family members and relatives. Use a spreadsheet and include the following for each person, as far as you can:

          • Name and Surname
          • Relationship to you
          • Date of birth
          • Place of birth (and place of death, if applicable)
          • Date of death (if applicable)
          • Email
          • Contact number
          • Area of residence (city/region, country)

          Tip: Use consistent formats (e.g., DD MM YYYY for dates) and phone numbers in international format (e.g., +27…).”

        • Proof of past or fear of future persecution. You will also need to provide proof of past persecution, or evidence of why you fear future persecution — or both, if applicable. Remember, you will not be allowed to take any electronic devices into the interview, so all your proof must be neatly prepared in printed form.

          Organize your documents clearly: use headings, structured paragraphs, and bullet points where helpful. If you are referencing an online news article, social media post, or video, be sure to include the full URL and also explain how that specific source supports your case. This makes it easier for the interviewing officer to understand and follow your evidence.

Note: While not every document listed may be required for your interview, if you are approved, you will almost certainly need most — if not all — of them as you begin your new life in the United States. For this reason, it is strongly recommended that you gather as much information and documentation as possible while you are waiting to be contacted.

The U.S. Department of State’s Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration (PRM) will usually make every effort to place you as close as possible to your preferred location. However, final placement cannot be guaranteed. Several factors influence this decision, including:

Availability of support services – Your new home should be within a reasonable distance from a local welfare office or other essential service providers.

Access to caseworkers – Resettlement agencies aim to place you in areas where caseworkers can provide direct, regular support to help you adjust and integrate successfully.

Community resources – The availability of housing, employment opportunities, language assistance, and cultural orientation programs can affect placement.

While PRM will consider your preferences, the priority is to ensure you are placed in a location where you have the best chance of receiving adequate support and building a stable start in the United States.

Once you are accepted into USRAP, your journey to a new life begins. You will go through security and medical screenings, and have an interview with a U.S. resettlement officer. You will receive help with travel arrangements, temporary housing, and support services to help you settle comfortably in the United States. Throughout the process, trained resettlement staff will guide you every step of the way, making sure you have the resources and support you need to start your new life safely and confidently.

Technically, you could leave with nothing but the clothes on your back and still be fine — you’ll be provided with the essentials once you arrive in the USA. However, bringing at least enough clothing and personal care items for a week can help you feel more comfortable and settled right away.

The lighter you pack in those essentials, the more room you’ll have for cherished or sentimental items that will help make your new home feel familiar.

Once you are accepted into USRAP, the program will assist with your travel to the United States. This includes arranging and booking your flight, and providing any necessary travel documents. You will typically travel on a commercial airline with other refugees, and the resettlement agency will guide you through airport procedures and ensure you know what to expect during your journey. Any additional travel arrangements, such as transportation to the airport or from the U.S. airport to your initial housing, are also coordinated by the resettlement agency.

No, you will not have to stay in a tent. Upon arrival in the United States, you will be placed in temporary housing for the first few weeks. After that, you will be moved to more suitable accommodation where you can begin settling in and adjusting to life in your new community. Once you are able to support yourself, you will have the freedom to choose where you want to live.

Yes, absolutely. You are free to live wherever you choose in the United States. However, it’s important to understand that if you decide not to remain in the area assigned by your resettlement agency, you may lose access to some of the support and services they provide. For this reason, many people find it helpful to stay close to their resettlement agency at least in the beginning. This allows the agency to assist you with important first steps such as applying for official documents, setting up a bank account, and adjusting to your new community. Once you feel settled, you can then decide if moving in with friends or family is the right choice for you.

Disclaimer: We’re not financial advisors, so we can’t provide official financial guidance. That said, most South African bank cards do work in the U.S., which makes it fairly simple to access your funds after you arrive. If you’re planning to move a larger amount of money, it’s a good idea to consult with a financial advisor who has international experience. They can help you find the safest and most cost-effective option, while avoiding unnecessary taxes or fees.

For smaller to moderate amounts, many people make use of services like PayPal, which allow you to access your funds from almost anywhere in the world. The best approach really depends on your situation, so professional advice is recommended if you have significant savings to transfer.

Taking your pets with is something that will be entirely at your own expense. USRAP does not provide any assistance with pet relocation.
Bringing pets from South Africa to the United States can be both complex and costly.

There is some good news however: Operation Pet Lyft, a U.S.-based non-profit organization, was established to help pet owners navigate this process. They offer support and significantly reduced rates to help ensure your furry family members can join you safely.

See more information about Operation Pet Lyft Here

If you decide to bring your furniture and personal belongings, it will be entirely at your own expense, as USRAP does not provide any support for shipping household goods. Moving items from South Africa to the United States can be done, but it is often complex and expensive. You would need to work with an international shipping company that can arrange a container, handle storage, and manage delivery once you have a U.S. address.

That said, the advice most commonly shared by people who have gone through the process is to sell your belongings before leaving and start fresh in the U.S. America is a consumer-driven country, and with determination and hard work, it usually isn’t too difficult to rebuild and furnish a new home. Many find that beginning again allows for a simpler, smoother transition.

Yes, absolutely. Shortly after you arrive, your resettlement agency will help you start the process of getting the documents you need in order to work. This includes your Employment Authorization Document (EAD), your Social Security Number (SSN), and a U.S. bank account.

Once these are in place, and you’ve begun settling in—such as learning how to use public transport or arranging your own car—you’ll be ready to apply for jobs and start working in the U.S. Many newcomers are able to find employment fairly quickly once these steps are completed.

In most cases, you’ll need to begin working within the first month or two of your arrival—unless you already have enough personal funds in the U.S. to support yourself for longer. USRAP provides some initial assistance to help you get settled, but this support is temporary.

During that time, your resettlement agency will guide you through the process of obtaining your Employment Authorization Document (EAD), Social Security Number (SSN), and a U.S. bank account. Once you have these in place, and you’ve settled into your first home and can travel to and from work, it will be time to start earning an income, as the program will no longer cover all of your living expenses.

Yes. Refugees in the U.S. have the legal right to start and run their own business once they receive their Employment Authorization Document (EAD) and Social Security Number (SSN). Many refugees eventually choose the path of self-employment—whether it’s opening a small shop, starting a service business, or working as an independent contractor.

Keep in mind that running a business in the U.S. comes with responsibilities such as registering your business, paying taxes, and following local and state regulations. For this reason, many people find it helpful to first gain some work experience, build financial stability, and learn how the U.S. system operates before launching their own venture. That said, with determination and the right preparation, refugees absolutely can and do become successful business owners in America.

Yes. Refugees are eligible to open a bank account in the United States. In fact, setting up an account is one of the first steps your resettlement agency will usually help you with after arrival. To open an account, you’ll generally need your Social Security Number (SSN), proof of address, and an official form of identification such as your refugee travel document or another accepted ID.

Having a bank account is important, as it allows you to safely receive your salary, pay bills, and begin building your financial history in the U.S. Many banks also offer newcomer or “first account” options designed to make the process easier for people who are just starting out.

Quick Tips:

      • Credit Unions – Member-owned and often more flexible, with lower fees.

      • Community Banks – Smaller, local banks that may provide more personal service.

      • Large Banks – Nationwide options with many branches and ATMs, convenient if you move around.

Choosing the right bank depends on your needs, so it can help to compare fees, accessibility, and services before opening your account.

No. Credit history and scores from South Africa are not transferable to the U.S. You will be starting fresh with your U.S. credit history.

To build your U.S. credit record, maintain a bank account responsibly, use a secured credit card, pay bills on time, and keep balances low. Over time, a strong U.S. credit history will make accessing loans, renting, and other financial services much easier.

Yes. Once you have your Social Security Number (SSN) and a U.S. bank account, you can start building a credit history, which is essential for renting an apartment, getting loans, or opening utility accounts.

Many newcomers begin with a secured credit card, where you deposit money that acts as your credit limit. Using this card responsibly—paying the balance in full each month—helps build a positive credit history. Over time, you may qualify for standard credit cards with higher limits and benefits.

Quick Tips:

    • Start small – Use your card for small, regular purchases like groceries or gas.

    • Pay on time – Always pay your balance in full or at least the minimum due to maintain a good credit score.

    • Monitor your credit – Check your credit reports for free once a year at annualcreditreport.com.

Yes. As a refugee living and working in the U.S., you are generally required to pay taxes on your income, just like any other resident. This includes federal income tax, and in most states, state and local taxes as well.

Your employer will usually withhold taxes from your paycheck, and you’ll file an annual tax return to report your income. While taxes may seem confusing at first, your resettlement agency can often guide you to resources or tax assistance programs to help you understand your obligations. Over time, paying taxes becomes a normal part of life and is important for building credit, qualifying for loans, and accessing public services.

Tax Basics for Newcomers:

      • Employer Withholding – Most employers automatically deduct federal, state, and local taxes from your paycheck.

      • Tax Return Filing – Each year you’ll file a return to report your income and confirm how much tax you owe or are owed as a refund.

      • Seek Help – Many resettlement agencies offer free tax preparation assistance or can connect you with local programs for newcomers.

      • Important Deadlines – The U.S. tax year runs January 1 – December 31, and returns are usually due by April 15.

Following these steps ensures you stay compliant and avoid penalties, while building a strong financial foundation in the U.S.

Yes. Refugees in the U.S. are generally eligible for a variety of social services, especially during their first months after arrival. This can include programs such as:

      • Food Assistance (SNAP) – Helps provide groceries for you and your family.

      • Cash Assistance – Short-term support to help cover basic living costs.

      • Healthcare Programs – Initial medical coverage through Refugee Medical Assistance (RMA) or state Medicaid programs.

      • Employment & Job Training – Services to help you find work or develop new skills.

Eligibility and duration for these services can vary depending on the state you live in. Your resettlement agency will guide you through the application process and help you access the support you are entitled to.

Tips for Accessing Social Services:

      • Apply Early – Complete applications as soon as you arrive.

      • Keep Documentation Ready – Bring identification, travel documents, and proof of residency.

      • Ask Questions – Resettlement agencies can explain programs and help with paperwork.

      • Plan Ahead – Use short-term assistance to get established and transition to long-term financial independence.

Yes. All children in the U.S., including those of refugees, have the right to attend public school for free. Resettlement agencies will assist you with school enrollment and can help connect your children to programs such as English as a Second Language (ESL) classes if needed.

Many schools also offer additional support services, such as tutoring, counseling, and after-school programs, to help children adjust and succeed.

Tips for Children’s Education:

      • Enroll Early – Contact your resettlement agency or local school as soon as possible.

      • Bring Documents – Birth certificates, vaccination records, and previous school records are helpful.

      • Use ESL Programs – If your child needs English support, take advantage of ESL classes.

      • Engage with Teachers – Stay in touch with teachers and school counselors to support your child’s learning.

      • Get Involved – Participate in school activities to help your child integrate socially and academically.

Absolutely. Once you are resettled in the United States through the USRAP, you and your children will have access to the U.S. education system. Children are entitled to free public schooling through grade 12, and after that they can apply to colleges, universities, or vocational schools. As a refugee, you and your family may also qualify for certain financial aid programs, scholarships, and support services that can make higher education more affordable. While costs and entry requirements will vary depending on the institution, opportunities for education and advancement will be open to you and your children.

Yes. Prescription medications for chronic conditions are widely available in the U.S., but there are some important steps to follow. Once you arrive, you will need to see a U.S. healthcare provider to obtain a new prescription for your medication, as prescriptions from South Africa are generally not accepted.

Your resettlement agency can help you locate local clinics, doctors, or pharmacies. Many medications are covered by insurance, so once you are enrolled in a health plan, you may be able to access your prescriptions at a reduced cost. It’s a good idea to bring a sufficient supply of your medicine with you for the first few weeks, along with a detailed prescription or medical record, to ensure continuity of treatment until you can see a U.S. provider.

Tips for Managing Chronic Medication as a Refugee:

      • Bring Extra Supply – Carry enough medicine for the first few weeks after arrival.

      • Keep Documentation – Bring prescriptions, medical records, and details about dosage and frequency.

      • Find a U.S. Provider Quickly – Schedule an appointment as soon as possible to get a new prescription.

      • Use a Pharmacy Network – Large pharmacy chains can help transfer prescriptions and may offer discount programs.

      • Understand Insurance Coverage – Once you have health insurance, check which medications are covered and whether co-pays apply.

Following these steps helps ensure there is no interruption in your treatment and makes it easier to adapt to the U.S. healthcare system.

No. Participation in the resettlement program is voluntary. You are free to make your own decisions about where to live and how to adjust to life in the U.S.

However, the resettlement agency provides important support during your first weeks and months, including help with housing, healthcare, school enrollment, opening bank accounts, and obtaining employment documents. Leaving the program too early may limit your access to these services. Many newcomers find it beneficial to stay connected until they feel settled and confident navigating life independently.

Tips for Making the Most of Resettlement Support:

      • Stay Informed – Attend all meetings and briefings offered by your agency.

      • Ask Questions – Don’t hesitate to seek guidance on housing, healthcare, employment, or legal matters.

      • Use Resources Wisely – Take advantage of workshops, English classes, and community connections.

      • Plan Your Transition – Gradually become more independent while maintaining a support network.

      • Keep in Touch – Even after leaving, agencies often provide ongoing support if needed.

Following these tips helps you maximize the benefits of the program while preparing to live independently in the U.S.

Yes, you are free to move to any state in the U.S., including Alaska or Hawaii. Refugees are not restricted to the area where they initially arrive.

However, your resettlement agency provides essential support during your first weeks and months, including help with housing, employment documents, healthcare, and banking. Moving far from your assigned location too quickly may limit your access to these services. Many newcomers find it helpful to stay near their agency at first, so they can get settled and take care of important tasks before relocating.

Tips for Relocating to Another State:

      • Coordinate with Your Agency – Let them know if you plan to move so they can advise you on available support.

      • Plan Housing Ahead – Research accommodation options in your new location before moving.

      • Understand Healthcare Access – Check how health insurance and local clinics work in the new state.

      • Consider Transportation – Ensure you have reliable options for getting to work, school, or appointments.

      • Stay Connected – Keep in touch with local refugee communities or support networks to ease the transition.

Yes, refugees in the U.S. can generally travel internationally, but there are important steps and considerations. You will need a refugee travel document, which acts as a passport for refugees and allows you to re-enter the U.S. after traveling abroad. You must apply for this document through U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) before making any international travel plans.

It’s also important to check the entry requirements of the country you plan to visit, such as visas or other documentation, as each country has its own rules. Travel should be planned carefully to ensure that you can return to the U.S. without issues. Consulting your resettlement agency or a qualified immigration attorney before traveling is highly recommended.

Tips for International Travel as a Refugee:

      • Apply Early – Request your refugee travel document well in advance of your trip.

      • Check Visa Requirements – Some countries may require a visa even for short visits.

      • Keep Copies of Documents – Carry photocopies of your travel document and other important papers.

      • Stay Informed – Review travel advisories and restrictions for your destination country.

      • Coordinate with Your Agency – Let your resettlement agency know about your travel plans for guidance and support.

Technically, yes—you can travel back to South Africa—but doing so can have serious consequences for your refugee status in the U.S. Returning to your home country may raise questions about whether you still qualify as a refugee, and in some cases, could put your protection or benefits at risk.

If you have really valid reason for needing to return to South Africa, it’s extremely important to consult with your resettlement agency or an immigration attorney before making your travel plans. They can advise you on the potential implications and help you understand the safest way to manage travel to your home country without jeopardizing your status in the U.S.

Tips for Considering Travel to Your Home Country:

      • Seek Professional Advice – Always consult an immigration attorney or your resettlement agency first.

      • Understand the Risks – Returning could affect your refugee status, benefits, or future immigration applications.

      • Keep Records – Document the purpose, duration, and details of your trip if it is necessary.

      • Plan Carefully – Only travel if it is essential and you fully understand the potential consequences.

Yes. Refugees arriving in the U.S. are generally eligible for initial medical coverage through programs such as Refugee Medical Assistance (RMA), which provides short-term healthcare support for up to 8 months after arrival. This can help cover doctor visits, prescriptions, and some other essential medical services.

After this initial period, refugees are usually able to enroll in state Medicaid programs or other health insurance options, depending on the state in which they reside. Your resettlement agency will guide you through the enrollment process and help you understand your healthcare coverage options.

Tips for Managing Medical Coverage as a Refugee:

      • Enroll Early – Make sure to sign up for RMA or other coverage soon after arrival.

      • Keep Documents Ready – Bring your refugee travel document and any medical records.

      • Understand Your Plan – Learn what services are covered and how to access care.

      • Use Agency Support – Resettlement agencies can help you find clinics, doctors, and pharmacies.

      • Plan for Continuity – If you take chronic medication or have ongoing treatments, make sure your coverage will allow continuation.

Your South African driver’s license is not valid for long-term driving in the U.S., though some states may allow limited use for a short period after arrival. Each state has its own rules regarding how long you can drive with a foreign license.

To legally drive in the U.S., you will generally need to apply for a state-issued driver’s license. This typically involves providing identification, proof of residency, and passing written and sometimes road tests. Some states may also require an International Driving Permit (IDP) if you want to drive before obtaining a U.S. license.

Tips for Driving in the U.S.:

      • Check State Rules – Each state’s Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) website explains how long foreign licenses are valid and the steps for obtaining a U.S. license.

      • Prepare Documents – Bring your refugee travel document, proof of residency, and any relevant identification.

      • Consider an IDP – An International Driving Permit can be useful if you need to drive before getting a state license.

      • Plan Ahead – Schedule your DMV appointment early, as wait times can vary.

In most cases, yes. To obtain a state-issued U.S. driver’s license, you will usually need to pass a written knowledge test and often a road skills (practical) test, even if you already have a driver’s license from another country.

Requirements vary by state, so it’s important to check with the local Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) where you plan to live. Some states may waive parts of the test for certain foreign licenses, while others require the full process. Your resettlement agency or local DMV can guide you through the steps and help you understand what documentation you need to bring.

Tips for Passing Your Driver’s Test:

      • Study the Handbook – Each state publishes a driver’s handbook covering road rules and safety.

      • Practice – If possible, practice driving in the U.S. to get used to local roads and traffic patterns.

      • Prepare Documents – Bring your refugee travel document, proof of residency, and any other required identification.

      • Ask for Guidance – Resettlement agencies or local community programs may offer tips or practice sessions for new drivers.

Yes, refugees in the U.S. can buy a house or a car, but there are some important steps to consider.

To buy a car, you generally need a state-issued driver’s license, proof of insurance, and enough funds or financing. Many newcomers start with a used car or a short-term loan to get settled before purchasing a vehicle.

To buy a house, having a good U.S. credit history and proof of income is usually required to qualify for a mortgage. This means you may need to build credit and save for a down payment before buying property. In the meantime, renting is the most common way to live while you get established.

Tips for Buying a Car or House:

      • Start with Renting – Rent first to learn your local area and save money.

      • Build Credit – Establish a U.S. credit history through a bank account and responsible use of credit cards.

      • Seek Professional Advice – Consider speaking with a financial advisor or real estate agent familiar with first-time buyers.

      • Compare Options – Whether for cars or houses, research prices, insurance, and loans before committing.

      • Plan Finances – Budget carefully to avoid overextending yourself, especially early on.

It depends. Many South African degrees, diplomas, or professional qualifications are recognized in the U.S., but others may require evaluation or additional certification to meet U.S. standards. Certain regulated professions—such as medicine, law, engineering, or teaching—usually require passing U.S. licensing exams or completing additional training.

You can have your qualifications evaluated by recognized credentialing agencies to determine their equivalence in the U.S. This can help you understand whether you can continue in your field, need additional education, or should consider related opportunities. Your resettlement agency or local community organizations may also provide guidance or referrals for educational and professional support.

Tips for Using Your Qualifications in the U.S.:

      • Credential Evaluation – Use recognized U.S. evaluation services to assess your degrees or diplomas.

      • Licensing Requirements – Check state or professional board requirements for regulated professions.

      • Continuing Education – Consider short courses, certifications, or bridging programs to meet U.S. standards.

      • Networking – Connect with professional associations and local communities in your field.

      • Be Flexible – Some newcomers may initially take related work while completing additional certifications

Yes. As a refugee in the U.S., you are eligible to receive a Social Security Number (SSN), which is essential for working, paying taxes, opening a bank account, and accessing many services.

Your resettlement agency will usually help you apply for your SSN soon after arrival. Once issued, your SSN is unique to you and should be kept secure. It is an important part of your identification in the U.S., and you will use it for employment, taxes, and other official purposes throughout your life in the country.

Tips for Managing Your SSN:

      • Keep It Safe – Memorize it if possible and avoid carrying the card unnecessarily.

      • Use It Only When Needed – Only provide your SSN to trusted entities like employers, banks, or government agencies.

      • Report Loss or Theft – If your card is lost or stolen, contact the Social Security Administration immediately.

      • Coordinate with Your Agency – Your resettlement agency can guide you through the application process.

Yes. Refugees in the U.S. are generally eligible to apply for a Green Card (permanent residency) one year after their arrival. This is an important step that allows you to live and work permanently in the U.S. and access more benefits and services.

The application process involves submitting the required forms to U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS), providing supporting documents, and attending a brief interview. Your resettlement agency can guide you through the process and help ensure your application is complete and accurate.

Tips for Obtaining a Green Card:

      • Apply on Time – You are eligible to apply one year after your arrival as a refugee.

      • Keep Documents Ready – Maintain your travel documents, identification, and any paperwork from your resettlement agency.

      • Follow Instructions Carefully – Complete all forms accurately to avoid delays.

      • Seek Guidance – Resettlement agencies or immigration attorneys can provide support if needed.

      • Plan Ahead – Keep copies of your application and track deadlines for renewals or additional steps.

Generally, refugees cannot immediately work for certain U.S. government agencies or the military. Most federal jobs and military positions require U.S. citizenship or permanent residency, and some may have additional security clearance requirements.

However, once you obtain your Green Card (permanent residency), more opportunities may open up for government employment. Some state or local government positions may also be available sooner, depending on their specific requirements. For military service, permanent residency is usually a prerequisite, and citizenship may be required for certain roles.

Tips for Considering Government or Military Work:

      • Check Requirements Carefully – Each agency or branch has specific eligibility criteria.

      • Plan for the Long Term – Gaining permanent residency and eventually citizenship can expand your options.

      • Explore Other Opportunities – There are many private sector jobs that welcome skilled workers immediately.

      • Seek Guidance – Your resettlement agency or career counseling services can help identify available positions suitable for newcomers.

Refugees can generally apply for U.S. citizenship five years after being granted permanent residency (Green Card). During this time, you must meet certain requirements, such as living in the U.S. continuously, demonstrating good moral character, and passing a civics and English language test.

The process involves submitting a naturalization application, attending a biometrics appointment, and completing an interview and test with U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). Your resettlement agency or an immigration attorney can provide guidance to help you understand the process and prepare for each step.

Tips for Becoming a U.S. Citizen:

      • Keep Track of Your Residency – Maintain continuous physical presence in the U.S. as required.

      • Learn English & Civics – Studying the English language and U.S. civics will help you pass the naturalization test.

      • Keep Records Organized – Keep your Green Card, travel documents, and other identification safe and accessible.

      • Plan Ahead – Begin preparing your application a few months before you become eligible to ensure all documents and forms are ready.

      • Seek Guidance – Resettlement agencies, community organizations, and immigration attorneys can assist with the naturalization process.

REFUGEE ROADMAP - SA to USA

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